Which species is known to be a vector for blue tongue virus?

Biting midges are recognized as vectors for the blue tongue virus. This virus primarily affects ruminant animals, such as sheep, and is transmitted through the bite of infected midges. These tiny flies belong to the family Ceratopogonidae and are particularly effective at spreading the virus during their active feeding periods. Their life cycle and behavior contribute to their role as vectors, as they often inhabit areas where livestock are present, increasing the likelihood of transmission.

In contrast, the other species listed do not play a significant role in transmitting the blue tongue virus. Flesh flies, stable flies, and drain flies have different feeding habits or ecological niches that do not facilitate the spread of this specific virus. Understanding the specific vectors associated with diseases is crucial in managing and preventing outbreaks, especially in livestock populations.