What distinguishes the Norway rat from the roof rat?

The distinguishing features between the Norway rat and the roof rat largely center around physical characteristics, nesting habits, and behavioral traits. Norway rats are typically larger than roof rats, weighing up to a pound or more, while roof rats are generally lighter, weighing around half that amount. In terms of color, Norway rats usually have a brown or grayish hue, while roof rats are predominantly black or dark brown.

Nesting habits also set these two species apart. Norway rats prefer to burrow and nest in underground areas, often in soil or alongside riverbanks, which aligns with their ground-dwelling nature. Roof rats, on the other hand, favor elevated nesting sites such as trees, attics, and rooftops, reflecting their preference for climbing and accessing higher ground.

This combination of size, color, and nesting behavior is crucial for identifying and managing these two rat species in pest control scenarios. Other aspects like diet or reproductive habits, while relevant to their biology, are less definitive when trying to distinguish one species from the other. Therefore, the option highlighting size, color, and nesting habits is particularly effective in providing a clear distinction between these two common rodent pests.