What disease can be transmitted to humans by mosquitoes or ticks?

The correct answer is encephalitis because this term encompasses several specific diseases caused by viruses that can be transmitted to humans through the bites of infected mosquitoes or ticks. Examples include West Nile virus, Eastern Equine Encephalitis, and Japanese Encephalitis, which can lead to inflammation of the brain.

Both mosquitoes and ticks are vectors of various pathogens that can result in encephalitis, making it a significant public health concern in areas where these insects are prevalent. By understanding the connection between these vectors and the disease, individuals can better grasp the importance of vector control and personal protection measures in reducing the risk of infection.

While Lyme disease is indeed transmitted by ticks, and West Nile virus is transmitted by mosquitoes, the term "encephalitis" captures a broader range of diseases caused by these vectors. Malaria, on the other hand, is a disease specifically transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes but does not involve ticks, making it less appropriate in the context of this question regarding both mosquitoes and ticks.