What are halteres in flies?

Halteres are specialized structures in flies, specifically modified hindwings, that play a crucial role in their ability to maintain balance during flight. Unlike true wings that are used for generating lift and propulsion, halteres function as sensory organs that detect changes in orientation and movement. This detection allows flies to make rapid adjustments to their flight path, ensuring stability and agility.

The unique design of halteres, which are often much smaller and more rounded than the forewings, contributes to their effectiveness in providing feedback about the fly's position in the air. This capability is vital for quick maneuvers, which is why halteres are essential for the overall flight mechanics of flies.